The gold vapor laser is very similar to copper vapor laser in terms of structure and operation as well.
Xenon laser is a noble gas laser that is categorised as an excimer laser. Xenon is a heavy, colourless and odourless gas. It is non-reactive by nature. Xenon consists of eight stable and as many as 40 unstable isotopes.
A xenon arc lamp is a specialized gas discharge lamp that emits light when electricity is passed through ionized xenon gas that is maintained at high pressure. Xenon gas is ionized by electric current. These lamps are continuous sources of light of highest luminance and radiance.
Sodium Vapor Lamps are some of the most efficient lamps in the world. They have an efficiency of up to 190 lumens per watt compared to an incandescent street lamp which has between 15 and 19 lumens per watt.
By William Wassmer
24 Jul 2013
The hydrogen fluoride (HF) laser is an infrared chemical laser that combines hydrogen produced in a combustion chamber with fluorine gas produced by thermal decomposition of compounds to create excited HF molecules.
A lens can be described as an optical device that transmits and refracts the incident beam by converging or diverging it. A simple lens consists of a single optical element, while a compound lens is an array of simple lenses arranged in such a way that they have a common axis.
Dichroic filters are filters that optic filters that are placed at an angle of 45° to the light source, causing the light to travel in a different direction. Dichroic is a Greek word meaning bicoloured.
Optical bandpass filters are filters that allow only a certain bandwidth of light and block the others above and below the specified bandwidth.
An optical diffuser can be defined as an element that scatters light. An optical diffuser is used for softening or giving shape to an illumination. Optical diffusers are commonly used in commercial photography.
Brillouin scattering may be described as a phenomenon of inelastic scattering of light in a physical medium brought about by thermally excited acoustical phonons. Brillouin scattering is usually observed in solid medium.